Default Values

All process variables and material properties obtain default values at the time a finite-element mesh is generated, or when a parameter is added by changing the problem class or dimension. Boundary conditions obtain a default unit when they are defined. The default boundary condition is a no-flow condition.

Process Variables
Boundary Conditions
Boundary Condition Constraints
BHE Dataset
Material Properties
Discrete Features

Process Variables

Parameter	Default Value	Default Unit	Internal Unit
Hydraulic head	0	[m]	[m]
Pressure	calculated	[kPa]	[kPa]
Saturation	calculated	[1]	[1]
Moisture content	calculated	[1]	[1]
Darcy Flux (nodal) (3D)	calculated	[m/d]	[m/d]
Darcy Flux (nodal) (2D confined)	calculated	[m²/d]	[m²/d]
Darcy Flux (elemental) (3D)	calculated	[m/d]	[m/d]
Darcy Flux (elemental) (2D confined)	calculated	[m²/d]	[m²/d]
Rate Budget	calculated	[m3/d]	[m3/d]
Period Budget	calculated	[m3]	[m3]
Mass concentration	0	[mg/l]	[mg/l]
Rate Budget	calculated	[g/d]	[g/d]
Period Budget	calculated	[g]	[g]
Mean age	0	[d]	[d]
Rate Budget	calculated	[m³]	[m³]
Period Budget	calculated	[m³*d]	[m³*d]
Mean lifetime expectancy	0	[d]	[d]
Rate Budget	calculated	[m³]	[m³]
Period Budget	calculated	[m³*d]	[m³*d]
Exit probability	0	[1]	[1]
Rate Budget	calculated	[m³/d]	[m³/d]
Period Budget	calculated	[m³]	[m³]
Temperature	0	[°C]	[°C]
Rate Budget	calculated	[J/d]	[J/d]
Period Budget	calculated	[J]	[J]

Boundary Conditions

Parameter	Default Value	Default Unit	Internal Unit
Hydraulic-head BC	0	[m]	[m]
Hydraulic-head BC (Pressure)	0	[kPa]	[kPa]
Hydraulic-head BC (Saturation)	0	[1]	[1]
Hydraulic-head BC (Moisture content)	0	[1]	[1]
Fluid-flux BC (3D)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Fluid-flux BC (2D)	0	[m2/d]	[m2/d]
Fluid-flux BC (3D Integral)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Fluid-flux BC (2D Integral)	0	[m2/d]	[m2/d]
Fluid-flux BC (Gradient)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Fluid-transfer BC	0	[m]	[m]
Fluid-transfer BC (integral)	0	[m]	[m]
Well BC	0	[m3/d]	[m3/d]
Multilayer well Capacity	0	[m3/d]	[m3/d]
Multilayer well Radius	0	[m]	[m]
Multilayer well Compressibility	0.0001	[1/m]	[1/m]
Multilayer well Expansion coefficient	0	[10-4 1/K]	[K]
Multilayer well Density ratio	0	[1]	[1]
Multilayer well Molecular diffusion	1	[10-9 m2/s]	[m2/d]
Multilayer well Longitudinal dispersivity (mass)	5	[m]	[m]
Multilayer well Longitudinal dispersivity (heat)	5	[m]	[m]
Multilayer well Volumetric heat capacity of fluid	4.2	[106 J/m3/K]	[J/m3/d]
Multilayer well Heat conductivity of fluid	0.65	[J/m/s/K]	[J/m/d/K]
Mass-concentration BC	0	[mg/l]	[mg/l]
Mass-flux BC (3D)	0	[g/m2/d]	[g/m2/d]
Mass-flux BC (2D)	0	[g/m/d]	[g/m/d]
Mass-flux BC (3D integral)	0	[g/m2/d]	[g/m2/d]
Mass-flux BC (2D integral)	0	[g/m/d]	[g/m/d]
Mass-transfer BC	0	[mg/l]	[mg/l]
Mass-transfer BC (integral)	0	[mg/l]	[mg/l]
Mass-nodal sink/source BC	0	[g/d]	[g/d]
Age-concentration BC	0	[d]	[d]
LTE-concentration BC	0	[d]	[d]
Probability BC	0	[]	[]
Heat-temperature BC	0	[°C]	[°C]
Heat-flux BC (3D)	0	[J/m/d]	[J/m/d]
Heat-flux BC (2D)	0	[J/m2/d]	[J/m2/d]
Heat-transfer BC	0	[°C]	[°C]
Heat-nodal sink/source BC	0	[J/d]	[J/d]
Borehole heat exchanger (Temperature)	0	[°C]	[°C]
Borehole heat exchanger (Heat input rate w/ respect to reference temperature)	0	[J/d]	[J/d]
Borehole heat exchanger (Temperature difference)	0	[K] / [°C]	[K] / [°C]
Borehole heat exchanger (Power)	0	[J/d]	[J/d]

Boundary Condition Constraints

Parameter	Default Unit	Internal Unit
Hydraulic-head constraints	[m]	[m]
Flow constraints	[m]	[m]
Mass concentration constraints	[m]	[m]
Mass flow constraints	[m]	[m]
Temperature constraints	[m]	[m]
Heat flow constraints	[m]	[m]

BHE Dataset

Parameter	Default Value	Default Unit	Internal Unit
Borehole Diameter (D)	0.15	[m]	[m]
Pipe Distance (w)	0.04	[m]	[m]
Inlet Pipe Diameter (d-in)	0.032	[m]	[m]
Inlet Pipe Diameter (d-in) (Coaxial annular inlet only)	0.06	[m]	[m]
Inlet Pipe Wall Thickness (b-in)	0.0029	[m]	[m]
Outlet Pipe Diameter (d-out)	0.032	[m]	[m]
Outlet Pipe Diameter (d-out) (Coaxial centered inlet only)	0.06	[m]	[m]
Outlet Pipe Wall Thickness (b-out)	0.0029	[m]	[m]
Refrigerant volumetric heat capacity	4	[106 J/m³/K]	[106 J/m³/K]
Refrigerant thermal conductivity	0.48	[J/m/s/K]	[J/m/s/K]
Refrigerant dynamic viscosity	0.52	[10-3 kg/m/s]	[10-3 kg/m/s]
Refrigerant density	1.052	[10³ kg/m³]	[10³ kg/m³]

Material Properties

Parameter	Default Value	Default Unit	Internal Unit
Transmissivity	1	[m2/d]	[m2/d]
Anisotropy of conductivity	1	[1]	[1]
Anisotropy angle	0	[°]	[°]
Aquifer bottom elevation	0	[m]	[m]
Aquifer top elevation	1000	[m]	[m]
Conductivity	1	[m/d]	[m/d]
In/outflow on top/bottom	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Density ratio	0	[1]	[1]
Expansion coefficient	0	[10-4 1/K]	[1/K]
Specific storage (2D horizontal confined)	0.0001	[1]	[1]
Specific storage (other 2D / 3D)	0.0001	[1/m]	[1/m]
Drain-/fillable porosity	0.2	[1]	[1]
Source/sink (2D)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Source/sink (3D)	0	[1/d]	[1/d]
In-transfer rate (2D horizontal confined)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Out-transfer rate (2D horizontal confined)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
In-transfer rate (other 2D / 3D)	0	[1/d]	[1/d]
Out-transfer rate (other 2D / 3D)	0	[1/d]	[1/d]
Unsaturated flow porosity	0.3	[1]	[1]
Unsaturated Model Type	Van Genuchten	from list	from list
Maximum saturation (Ss)	1	[1]	[1]
Residual saturation (Sr)	0.0025	[1]	[1]
Van Genuchten - α	4.1	[1/m]	[1/m]
Van Genuchten - n	1.964	[]	[]
Modified Van Genuchten - α	4.1	[1/m]	[1/m]
Modified Van Genuchten - n	1.964	[]	[]
Modified Van Genuchten - m	0.4908	[]	[]
Modified Van Genuchten - δ	3.4	[]	[]
Brooks & Corey - α	4.1	[1/m]	[1/m]
Brooks & Corey - n	1.964	[]	[]
Brooks & Corey - δ	3.4	[]	[]
Haverkamp - α	4.1	[1/m]	[1/m]
Haverkamp - β	1.964	[]	[]
Haverkamp - A	3.4	[]	[]
Haverkamp - B	0.509	[]	[]
Exponential - α	3.4	[1/m]	[1/m]
Exponential - ψ_a	0	[m]	[m]
Linear - ψ_t	-10	[m]	[m]
Linear - ψ_a	0	[m]	[m]
Aquifer thickness	1	[m]	[m]
Porosity for mass transport	0.3	[1]	[1]
Source/sink for mass (2D)	0	[g/m2/d]	[g/m2/d]
Source/sink for mass (3D)	0	[g/m3/d]	[g/m3/d]
Sorption coefficients	0	[1]	[1]
Molecular diffusion	1	[10-9 m2/s]	[m²/d]
Longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Maximum longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Minimum longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Transverse dispersivity	0.5	[m]	[m]
Maximum transverse dispersivity	0.5	[m]	[m]
Minimum transverse dispersivity	0.5	[m]	[m]
Yaw angle	0	[DEG]	[DEG]
Pitch angle	0	[DEG]	[DEG]
Decay rate	0	[10-4 1/s]	[1/d]
In-transfer rate for mass (2D horizontal confined)	0	[m2/d]	[m2/d]
Out-transfer rate for mass (2D horizontal confined)	0	[m2/d]	[m2/d]
In-transfer rate for mass (other 2D / 3D)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Out-transfer rate for mass (other 2D / 3D)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Nonlinear dispersion (2D)	0.001	[m d/g]	[m d/g]
Nonlinear dispersion (3D)	0.001	[m2d/g]	[m2d/g]
Heat aquifer thickness	1	[m]	[m]
Porosity for heat transport	0.3	[1]	[1]
Heat source/sink of fluid (2D)	0	[J/m2/d]	[J/m2/d]
Heat source/sink of fluid (3D)	0	[J/m3/d]	[J/m3/d]
Heat source/sink of solid (2D horizontal confined)	0	[J/m2/d]	[J/m2/d]
Heat source/sink of solid (other 2D / 3D)	0	[J/m3/d]	[J/m3/d]
Volumetric heat capacity of fluid	4.2	[MJ/m3/K]	[J/m3/K]
Volumetric heat capacity of solid	2.52	[MJ/m3/K]	[J/m3/K]
Heat conductivity of fluid	0.65	[J/m/s/K]	[J/m/d/K]
Heat conductivity of solid	3	[J/m/s/K]	[J/m/d/K]
Longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Maximum longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Minimum longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Transverse dispersivity	0.5	[m]	[m]
Maximum transverse dispersivity	0.5	[m]	[m]
Minimum transverse dispersivity	0.5	[m]	[m]
Yaw angle	0	[DEG]	[DEG]
Pitch angle	0	[DEG]	[DEG]
In-transfer rate for heat (2D horizontal confined)	0	[J/m2/d/K]	[J/m2/d/K]
In-transfer rate for heat (other 2D / 3D)	0	[J/m3/d/K]	[J/m3/d/K]
Out-transfer rate for heat (2D horizontal confined)	0	[J/m2/d/K]	[J/m2/d/K]
Out-transfer rate for heat (other 2D / 3D)	0	[J/m3/d/K]	[J/m3/d/K]
Anisotropy factor of solid heat conductivity	1	[1]	[1]

Discrete Features

Parameter	Default Value	Default Unit	Internal Unit
Cross-sect. area (1D)	1	[m²]	[m²]
Thickness (2D)	0.001	[m]	[m]
Conductivity (Darcy)	8.64	[m/d]	[m/d]
Hydraulic aperture (Hagen-Poiseuille)	0.001	[m]	[m]
Roughness coefficient (Manning-Strickler)	30	[m1/3/s]	[m1/3/s]
Specific storage (compressibility)	0.0001	[1/m]	[1/m]
Source/sink	0	[1/d]	[1/d]
Density ratio	0	[10-4]	[]
Expansion coefficient	0	[10-4/K]	[1/K]
In-/Out-transfer rate	0	[1/d]	[1/d]
Porosity (mass transport)	1	[]	[]
Sorption parameter	0	[]	[]
Molecular diffusion	1	[10-9 m2/s]	[m²/d]
Longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Decay rate	0	[10-4/s]	[1/d]
Source/Sink (mass transport)	0	[g/m³/d]	[g/m³/d]
In-/Out-transfer rate (mass transport)	0	[m/d]	[m/d]
Porosity (heat transport)	1	[]	[]
Volumetric heat capacity of fluid	4.2	[MJ/m²/K]	[J/m²/K]
Volumetric heat capacity of solid	2.52	[MJ/m²/K]	[J/m²/K]
Thermal conductivity of fluid	0.65	[J/m/s/K]	[J/m/s/K]
Thermal conductivity of solid (Darcy)	3	[J/m/s/K]	[J/m/s/K]
Longitudinal dispersivity	5	[m]	[m]
Source/sink fluid	0	[J/m³/d]	[J/m³/d]
Source/sink solid (Darcy)	0	[J/m³/d]	[J/m³/d]
In-/Out-transfer rate (heat transport)	0	[J/m²/d/K]	[J/m²/d/K]